Currently, the oldest hand-woven carpet in the world, which is the Pazyryk Rug, belongs to Iran. This carpet, which is now kept in the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, was discovered in 1949 by Sergi I. Rudenko, a Russian archaeologist, in the Pazyryk Valley located on the southern slopes of the Altai Mountains in Siberia. , 79 km from the border of Mongolia, along with other ancient objects, was discovered in the frozen grave of one of the Scythian rulers who were from Iranian tribes.
Radiocarbon tests showed that the Pazyryk rug was woven in the 5th century BC. This carpet, which is almost quadrangular, is woven entirely of wool and has an area of about 4 square meters (its dimensions are 1.89 x 2 meters with edges of 1.5 x 1 cm on the sides) and its number is about 40. In the text of this carpet, the image of riders, grazing horses, legendary animals with horns and the body of a lion are engraved on it, and it is decorated with a floral border.
Basically, carpets are woven to be used mainly as floor coverings. But despite all the beauty and glory of the Iranian carpet, this beauty has been put underfoot and becomes normal over time, and perhaps one of the reasons that caused some Iranian artists and weavers to try to remove Iranian carpets and rugs from underfoot and on the ground. It was drawn and placed on the wall and in front of the audience so that the beauty and art of Iranian carpets are always visible and become eye-catching pendants in homes, halls and living spaces. These types of carpets are mainly pictorial carpets. Carpets in which, instead of dealing with common abstract, abstract and traditional motifs and designs, it is the image that shapes the design and pattern of the carpet, and in fact, the woven design is mainly a visual design.
In relation to pictorial carpets, it should be said that pictorial carpets or carpets are an emerging phenomenon in the history of Iranian carpets, whose weaving is mainly from the Qajar era, and with the emergence of the printing industry in the middle of the 13th century in Iran, as well as the introduction of photography and postcards in this period, gradually a new path began. in this art. The path that later on with the emergence of innovative masters and creative artists in this field gradually underwent a tremendous transformation and in their design, both in terms of form and concept, especially in recent years and with the use of technology, there were many changes, and today we We see and know it under the name of carpet.
Tablo Farsh, or paneled carpets, which are also called artistic-visual carpets by some, is considered among fine woven carpets.
Basically, because paneled carpets have pictorial designs, they are produced in carpet weaving with a high number of rows, because this is the only way to show the fine points of the design with density of knots and creating bright shadows with various colors.
Usually, the number of colors in the image designs is high because the color has a great effect on showing the softness of the image. The high number of rows, multiplicity of colors, fineness of the texture are the characteristics of image carpets. Most of the carpets in the market have a row of 50. Rows of 70 and even 100 are also woven for special or custom carpets and usually have a high artistic value and a high price.
Some consider carpet as an art within an art, because today in the process of professional carpet production, several arts are combined to produce a high-quality exquisite hand-woven carpet.
Depending on the type of available space, it can be easily installed on the wall in different spaces, and it is always in front of the viewer or viewers, and depending on the woven image, it evokes history, revives memories, or tells wisdom and points.
Today, hand-woven carpets have opened a new field for weavers, producers, artists and fans of Iranian carpets. An area that has marked a new era in the carpet weaving industry with the growth of urban life and the new tastes of buyers and the emergence of local arts and industries and their adaptation to the conditions of today's life.
One of the cities where carpet weaving has expanded in recent years and is now considered as the center of carpet production in Iran and even the world is Sardroud, which has been called the "carpet capital of the world".
The city of Sardroud, which has a long history, is located in the vicinity of the city of Tabriz and in the southwest of this city. This city has a population of more than 35,000 people, and carpet weaving has been the profession of many residents of this city for many years, and in recent years, due to the presence of creative and innovative artists, high-quality carpet weaving and carpet weaving in various designs and roles have become popular. has found.
Currently, most of the carpets available in the country's markets are the result of the activities and efforts of artists, carpet weavers and carpet manufacturers of Sardroud city, so that this city has become a model for entrepreneurship in the field of carpets and the production of handwoven carpets.
Designers, dyers and outstanding professional women of carpets are working in this city and their works are visible in hand-woven carpets that are sent to all parts of the world.
In the shadow of the efforts of artists and manufacturers of hand-woven carpets, the first union of carpets and homogeneous trades in Iran has been dedicated to this city.
In addition, the geographical indication of Sardrood hand-woven carpet has been nationally registered through Iran's National Carpet Center in the country's Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization, and its global registration in the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is ongoing. is.
This year and at the same time as the 24th Tehran International Carpet Exhibition, which will be held from the 1st to the 7th of September 1994 at the permanent location of Tehran International Exhibitions, the producers and artists of Sardroud city will welcome those interested in this beautiful art in the exhibition's exclusive carpet hall, located in Hall 10. They are our country.
It is the first time in the 24-year history of this great event that a specialized hall for carpets has been allocated at the Tehran International Hand-woven Carpet Exhibition. In this hall, the space of which is about 2500 meters and it will be under the supervision of Sardroud Carpet and Homogeneous Union, 40 stalls will offer carpet products, 100 Sardroud handwoven carpet production workshops will be a great opportunity for those interested to choose carpets. Among the types of taboos, the one you are looking for will be Sardroud's exquisite and richly patterned carpets.
